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Shahhosseni M, Afshari A. Anabolic-Androgenic Steroid: Review of Literature, Prevalence and Misuse in Athletes and Non-Athletes. sh-addiction. 2017; 4 (13) :45-68
URL: http://sh-addiction.ir/article-1-382-en.html

The anabolic steroids associated androgens have exposed the world with abuse problems during recent decades. The consumption of testosterones has been growing rapidly since the 1930s as androgens. Athletes were noticed about the hormonal effects of testosterones, and so the consumption of testosterones has rapidly increased among bodybuilders and other athletes from the 1950s to the 1970s. So, before the 1980s, steroid antibiotics had been used among many athletes, and even it had been used among normal individuals. Nowadays, most consumers of steroidal substances do not athletes, but many young men use these drugs to improve their body shape. The misuse of steroidal drugs has now become widespread in many countries, such as the Scandinavian countries, the United States, Brazil, and many English-speaking countries. Iran is also one of the countries that seriously misuse of steroids. Therefore, there is a need for preventive interventions in this area.